Volume II,Issue IV, March 2026
Volume-II, Issue-IV, March, 2026 |
Received: 12.03.2026 | Accepted: 26.03.2026 | ||
Published Online: 31.03.2026 | Page No: | ||
DOI: 10.69655/atmadeep.vol.2.issue.04W. | |||
মার্ক্সের ঐতিহাসিক বস্তুবাদ ও গ্রামসির সাংস্কৃতিক আধিপত্য: রাজনৈতিক দর্শনের একটি সমালোচনামূলক বিশ্লেষণ প্রিয়াঙ্কা সাধুখাঁ, গবেষিকা, দর্শন বিভাগ, বর্ধমান বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়, পশ্চিমবঙ্গ, ভারত |
Priyanka Sadhukhan, Research Scholar, Department of Philosophy, University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India | ||
ABSTRACT | ||
Karl Marx, the nineteenth-century philosopher, profoundly transformed modern social and political thought through his theories of historical materialism and class struggle. His framework emphasized that economic structures fundamentally shape society’s political, legal, and cultural institutions. However, the anticipated proletarian revolution in Western societies did not materialize in the twentieth century, prompting the Italian Marxist thinker Antonio Gramsci to reinterpret Marxist theory. Gramsci argued that social power is maintained not only through economic dominance but also through cultural and ideological leadership. He introduced the concept of cultural hegemony, emphasizing the role of civil society, educational institutions, media, and intellectuals in shaping social consent and sustaining the authority of ruling classes. The paper examines Marx’s historical materialism and then analyses Gramsci’s theoretical innovations, including the distinction between political society and civil society, the organic intellectual, and the strategic concepts of War of Position and War of Manoeuvre. Furthermore, the study situates Gramsci’s thought in dialogue with Lenin, Althusser, and post-Marxist theorists, highlighting how he extends Marxist analysis beyond purely economic determinism. The findings demonstrate that Gramsci simultaneously preserves Marx’s theoretical legacy and reconstructs it into a distinct political philosophy, offering a nuanced framework for understanding modern social, cultural, and ideological dynamics. | ||
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